Surgical Drains After Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy: Needed or Not?

Abstract

BACKGROUND Routine placement of prophylactic drains after laparoscopic donor nephrectomy has been suggested and has become common practice in some centers. However, there is a lack of evidence proving the surgical benefits of routine drain placement in laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. Here, we assessed the effect of surgical drain placement on recovery, length of hospital stay, and complication rates of live kidney donors. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study included all live donor nephrectomies performed at a single institution from January 2010 to January 2017. Surgeries were performed by 2 surgeons; one routinely placed a closed suction drain after LDN whereas the other did not. Patients operated on by these 2 surgeons were enrolled in either the drain or no drain group. Demographic data, preoperative and postoperative creatinine levels, estimated blood loss (EBL), surgical time, surgical complications, and length of hospital stay were compared. RESULTS The study included 272 patients. Three were converted to open donor nephrectomy and were excluded (1.1%). Among the 269 patients, 156 (57.9%) had surgical drains and 113 (42.1%) did not. Mean surgical time, estimated blood loss, and duration of hospital stay did not significantly differ between groups. Postoperative complications were encountered in 17 of the patients, but the overall complication rate did not differ between patients with vs. those without surgical drains. CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference between the drain and no drain groups in terms of length of hospital stay, complication rates, or postoperative creatinine levels. Thus, placement of a surgical drain in the setting of an LDN is not justified based on our single-center experience.